Vinci ignition system

Ariane 6, Europe’s next-generation launch vehicle, is powered by the Vinci upper stage engine—a restartable cryogenic engine that provides critical flexibility for complex missions. Unlike its predecessor, Vinci can be ignited multiple times in space, enabling precise orbital insertions and the deployment of payloads into different orbits. This capability makes Ariane 6 highly versatile and competitive in the global launch market, ensuring Europe’s independent access to space.

The Vinci ignition system is based on a torch igniter that uses hydrogen and oxygen stored under high pressure. These gases are injected into the igniter chamber, where they mix to form a combustible environment. To initiate combustion, the igniter is fitted with two electrically heated glow plugs. When energized, the glow plugs reach a high temperature that causes the hydrogen–oxygen mixture to ignite. Once ignition occurs inside the torch igniter, a stable flame is established. This flame is then directed into the main combustion chamber of the Vinci engine, providing the necessary ignition energy for start-up. The use of two glow plugs increases redundancy and reliability, ensuring that ignition can be achieved under varying conditions. Because the glow plugs can be reheated multiple times, the system supports repeated ignitions, enabling the Vinci engine’s restart capability.